Kurdish

Kurdish may refer to:

See also

Kurdish languages

Kurdish (کوردی, Kurdî) is a continuum of Northwestern Iranian languages spoken by the Kurds in Western Asia. Kurdish forms three dialect groups known as Northern Kurdish (Kurmanji), Central Kurdish (Sorani), and Southern Kurdish (Pehlewani). A separate group of languages, Zaza-Gorani, is also spoken by several million Kurds, but is linguistically not Kurdish. Recent (as of 2009) studies estimate between 20 and 30 million native speakers of Kurdish in total.

The literary output in Kurdish was mostly confined to poetry until the early 20th century, when more general literature began to be developed. Today, there are two principal written Kurdish dialects, namely Kurmanji in the northern parts of the geographical region of Kurdistan, and Sorani further east and south. The standard Sorani form of Central Kurdish is, along with Arabic, one of the two official languages of Iraq and is in political documents simply referred to as Kurdish.

Classification and origin

The Kurdish languages belong to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European family. They are generally classified as Northwestern Iranian languages, or by some scholars as intermediate between Northwestern and Southwestern Iranian.Martin van Bruinessen notes that "Kurdish has a strong south-western Iranian element", whereas "Zaza and Gurani [...] do belong to the north-west Iranian group".

Prod

Prod or PROD may refer to:

Product integral, often shown using the symbol

Empty product

In mathematics, an empty product, or nullary product, is the result of multiplying no factors. It is by convention equal to the multiplicative identity 1 (assuming there is an identity for the multiplication operation in question), just as the empty sum—the result of adding no numbers—is by convention zero, or the additive identity.

The term "empty product" is most often used in the above sense when discussing arithmetic operations. However, the term is sometimes employed when discussing set-theoretic intersections, categorical products, and products in computer programming; these are discussed below.

Nullary arithmetic product

Justification

Let a₁, a₂, a₃,... be a sequence of numbers, and let

be the product of the first m elements of the sequence. Then

for all m = 1,2,... provided that we use the following conventions: and . In other words, a "product" with only one factor evaluates to that factor, while a "product" with no factors at all evaluates to 1. Allowing a "product" with only one or zero factors reduces the number of cases to be considered in many mathematical formulas. Such "products" are natural starting points in induction proofs, as well as in algorithms. For these reasons, the "empty product is one convention" is common practice in mathematics and computer programming.

Yusuf

Yusuf (also transliterated as Jusuf, Yousof, Yossef, Yousaf, Youcef, Yousef, Youssef, Yousif, Youssif, Youssouf, Yousuf, Yusef, Yuseff, Usef, Yusof, Yesufu or Yussef, Arabic: يوسف‎ Yūsuf and Yūsif) is a male Arabic name, meaning "Allah increases in piety, power and influence". It is the Arabic equivalent of both the Hebrew name Yossef and the English name Joseph.

In Islam, the most famous "Yusuf" is the prophet Yusuf in the Quran.

Given name

Jusuf

Yossef

Youcef

Yousif

Youssef

Yusuf (disambiguation)

Yusuf is a common name in the Muslim world, equivalent to the English name Joseph and the Hebrew name Yossef. An other Arabic variant is Youssif.

Yusuf may also refer to:

Cat Stevens

Yusuf Islam (born Steven Demetre Georgiou, 21 July 1948), commonly known by his former stage name Cat Stevens, is a British singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, humanitarian, and education philanthropist. His 1967 debut album reached the top 10 in the UK, and the album's title song "Matthew and Son" charted at number 2 on the UK Singles Chart. His albums Tea for the Tillerman (1970) and Teaser and the Firecat (1971) were both certified triple platinum in the US by the RIAA. His musical style consists of folk, pop, rock, and Islamic music.

His 1972 album Catch Bull at Four spent three weeks at number one on the Billboard 200, and fifteen weeks at number one in the Australian ARIA Charts. He earned two ASCAP songwriting awards in 2005 and 2006 for "The First Cut Is the Deepest", and the song has been a hit for four different artists. His other hit songs include "Father and Son", "Wild World", "Peace Train", "Moonshadow", and "Morning Has Broken". In 2007 he received the British Academy's Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Song Collection.