Fieldnotes

Fieldnotes refer to various notes recorded by scientists during or after their observation of a specific phenomenon they are studying. Fieldnotes are particularly valued in descriptive sciences such as ethnography, biology, geology, and archaeology, each of which have long traditions in this area.

Emerson (1995) defines fieldnotes in ethnography (a term referring generally to descriptive writing in anthropology, and also to subfield of sociology) as 'accounts describing experiences and observations the researcher has made while participating in an intense and involved manner'. A key source, containing case materials about fieldnote writing—for example, about the relationship between fieldnotes and memory, and about the interconnections among field research process, fieldnotes and post-fieldwork ethnographic work—is the 1990 collection edited by Roger Sanjek, Fieldnotes: The Making of Anthropology.

Fieldnotes are one means employed by qualitative researchers whose main objective of any research is to try to understand the true perspectives of the subject being studied. Fieldnotes allow the researcher to access the subject and record what they observe in an unobtrusive manner.

Field Notes (brand)

Field Notes (stylized as FIELD NOTES) is an American notebook brand headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, that designs, prints and manufactures memo books and related accessories. Founded in 2007, the Field Notes brand is a conjunction between Portland, Oregon-based Draplin Design Company and Chicago-based design firm Coudal Partners.

Field Notes notebooks come in ruled, graph, or plain varieties, and are sold online and, across 1400 retail locations in the United States. The brand has also partnered with Levi's, Starbucks, J.Crew to sell its products. Field Notes promotes its products through films made by Coudal Partners in-house.

References

List of ethnic groups of Africa

The ethnic groups of Africa number in the thousands, each generally having its own language (or dialect of a language) and culture. The ethnolinguistic groups include various Afro-Asiatic, Indo-European, Khoisan, Niger-Congo and Nilo-Saharan populations.

Overview

The official population count of the various ethnic groups in Africa has in some instances been controversial because certain groups believe populations are fixed to give other ethnicities numerical superiority (as in the case of Nigeria's Hausa, Fulani, Yoruba and Igbo people). The following ethnic groups number 10 million people or more:

Central Africa

Horn of Africa

The African (essay)

"The African" (French: L'Africain) is a short autobiographical essay written by French Nobel laureate J. M. G. Le Clézio.

Subject

In writing "L'Africain", Le Clézio reflects on his childhood in 1948 when he was 8 years old. According to the publisher he left Nice with his mother and brother to meet his father who was a doctor in Nigeria. His father remained there during the war but was too far away from the wife he loved and too far away from their two children (he had not seen either of these children growing up). In this short book Le Clézio remembers his father, who was a "jungle doctor" first in British Guiana and then in Cameroon and Nigeria. Here you can find Le Clézio's thoughts about his African childhood and about life in remote places. "L'Africain", the story of the author’s father, is at once a reconstruction, a vindication, and the recollection of a boy who lived in the shadow of a stranger he was obliged to love. He remembers through the landscape: Africa tells him who he was when he experienced the family’s reunion after the separation during the war years.The author may seem to be honouring the father from whom he was separated.